EV Sales in Europe: Q1 2025 Analysis and Insights

Let’s dive into the latest data on car registrations by energy source across seven European countries: Norway, Sweden, the UK, Germany, France, Italy, and Spain.

Following the strong finish to 2024, the European electric vehicle (EV) market entered the first quarter of 2025 with a mix of renewed optimism and structural challenges - This could also be felt on the Electromaps side with an increasing user contribution to our charging point map.- Across seven key markets—Norway, Sweden, the UK, Germany, France, Spain, and Italy—we’ve tracked how EV sales evolved amid shifting economic conditions, evolving policy frameworks, and the continued rollout of new models.

While some countries like Norway and Germany posted gains in BEV share, others like the UK and France saw moderate slowdowns after strong Q4 surges. Spain and Italy continue to reflect a more cautious approach, dominated by hybrids, while Sweden appears to have hit a plateau.

In this quarterly breakdown, we dive into each country’s performance, highlight top-selling models, and assess the evolving landscape as Europe pushes forward on its path toward electrified mobility.

Norway: EV Sales Hold Strong With Tesla Leading in Q1 2025

In the first quarter of 2025, Norway maintained its position as the global leader in electric vehicle (EV) adoption, with EVs accounting for 93.2% of the country's total car market. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) dominated with 89.3%, while plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) continued to decline, settling at just 3.9%. The ongoing shift away from PHEVs in favor of full electrification confirms the country's commitment to phasing out fossil fuel vehicles.

Tesla retained its dominance, with the Model Y once again taking the top spot as the best-selling car in Norway. Interestingly, the newly refreshed Tesla Model 3 "Juniper" made an immediate impact, ranking second and gaining traction as a compelling option for both loyal Tesla drivers and new EV adopters. Other notable entries included the Volkswagen ID.4 and Volvo EX30, reflecting continued consumer interest in compact SUVs.

Compared to Q4 2024, where EVs held an 89.9% market share (BEVs at 82.2%), Q1 showed a clear resurgence in EV sales, likely driven by the seasonal boost in new registrations and the appeal of updated models. Norway’s robust charging infrastructure, tax incentives, and strong policy direction remain key enablers of its exceptional EV penetration.

While the market appears close to saturation, the high BEV share signals consumer confidence in the charging network and vehicle performance even in winter conditions. The ongoing decline in PHEVs also indicates that Norway’s transition toward a fully electric fleet is not just aspirational but increasingly definitive.

Sweden: EV Growth Stabilizes as Local Brands Dominate in Q1 2025

In Q1 2025, Sweden recorded an EV market share of 60.7%, slightly down from 62.8% in Q4 2024. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) led with 41.6%, while plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) accounted for 19.1%. The slight decline highlights a phase of stabilization after several quarters of strong growth.

The Volvo XC40 Recharge retained its position as the top-selling EV, reinforcing local brand loyalty and consumer trust in Swedish engineering. It was followed by the Tesla Model Y and Volkswagen ID.4, both maintaining strong performances in the premium and compact SUV categories. The consistent presence of these models points to a mature EV landscape where trusted names continue to outperform newcomers.

Although overall EV share decreased marginally, Sweden remains one of the strongest EV markets in Europe. The government’s supportive stance—through purchase incentives, tax reductions, and expanding charging networks—continues to underpin market stability. However, economic pressures and changing incentive structures may be contributing to a short-term dip in BEV growth.

Compared to Q4 2024 (BEVs at 42.1%, PHEVs at 20.7%), Q1’s numbers reflect a modest contraction. Yet, the EV segment still accounts for the majority of new car sales, suggesting a resilient consumer base and a market that is adapting to shifting regulatory and financial conditions.

Sweden’s EV trajectory remains promising, with established models leading the way and infrastructure developments supporting long-term growth

UK: EV Share Slips, But Tesla Stays on Top in Q1 2025

In the first quarter of 2025, electric vehicles (EVs) made up 28.9% of new car sales in the United Kingdom, a slight decline from 40.0% in Q4 2024. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) represented 21.0%, while plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) contributed 7.9%. The drop signals a potential recalibration following the end-of-year surge seen in late 2024.

Despite the dip in market share, Tesla emerged as the top BEV brand, bolstered by continued success of the Model Y, which remains one of the most popular electric vehicles in the UK. Other strong performers included the MG4 Electric, known for its affordability, and the Volkswagen ID.3.

The UK’s Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) mandate, now in full effect, is reshaping market strategies as automakers balance direct BEV sales with credit trading to meet emission targets. This regulatory framework is expected to play a growing role in guiding the EV market through 2025.

Compared to Q4, the decline in BEV and PHEV market share suggests a normalization following the holiday push and perhaps caution among consumers amid ongoing economic uncertainty. Nevertheless, the long-term trajectory remains positive, with infrastructure investment, tightening emissions targets, and a steady flow of new models reinforcing the UK’s transition toward electric mobility.

With Tesla holding strong and more competitive BEV options entering the market, the UK remains a key player in Europe’s broader EV shift.

Germany: Market Stabilizes as VW Group Strengthens Position in Q1 2025

Germany’s EV market reached a 27.1% share of new car sales in Q1 2025, a small increase from 23.4% in Q4 2024. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) made up 18.5%, while plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) contributed 8.6%. After a turbulent 2024 marked by subsidy cuts and declining sales, this slight rebound suggests that the market is beginning to stabilize.

The Volkswagen Group had a strong quarter, with the Volkswagen ID.4 and Audi Q4 e-tron leading the BEV charge. Tesla also remained a top contender, though German brands have regained ground thanks to renewed consumer confidence and improved delivery schedules.

Despite the end of government subsidies for private BEV purchases, other incentives—such as company car tax benefits and a growing public charging infrastructure—continue to support demand. Fleet sales, in particular, played a key role in buoying EV registrations.

Compared to Q4 2024 (BEVs at 15.8%, PHEVs at 7.6%), Q1’s improvement highlights renewed momentum. Still, challenges remain: consumer uncertainty, high electricity prices, and economic headwinds continue to affect buying decisions in the private segment.

As 2025 progresses, Germany’s EV market will rely on a mix of domestic innovation, policy clarity, and competitive pricing to maintain its upward trajectory in the European electrification landscape.

France: Renault 5 Ignites EV Market as Sales Rebound in Q1 2025

In Q1 2025, France's EV market share reached 24.4%, slightly down from 30.1% in Q4 2024. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) accounted for 17.5%, while plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) came in at 6.9%. While the decline marks a step back from the momentum seen at the end of 2024, new product launches are injecting fresh energy into the market.

Leading the charge is the Renault 5, which has rapidly gained popularity since its launch, blending nostalgia, affordability, and modern EV technology. It now stands as one of the most sought-after electric models in France, revitalizing domestic brand enthusiasm. Alongside the Renault 5, the Peugeot e-208 and Tesla Model Y rounded out the top performers of the quarter.

Despite the market dip, the French government continues to support EV adoption through subsidies and expanding low-emission zones. However, economic concerns and fluctuating energy costs may have contributed to the temporary slowdown in EV uptake this quarter.

Compared to Q4, where BEVs stood at 22.4% and PHEVs at 7.7%, Q1’s data shows a modest contraction. Still, the strong reception of the Renault 5 suggests that French consumers remain highly engaged, particularly when compelling, affordable models are introduced.

France’s EV trajectory remains strong, and with the Renault 5 leading the charge, the market is expected to rebound in the coming months as more models become available and consumer confidence grows.

Spain: HEVs Dominate While BEVs See Modest Growth in Q1 2025

In the first quarter of 2025, Spain’s auto market continued to reflect a unique balance between electrification and traditional powertrains. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) led the way with 44.6% market share, followed by petrol at 30.3%, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) at 6.8%, diesel at 6.2%, and plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) at 7.5%.

The rise in HEV adoption underscores a transitional phase in the Spanish market, where many drivers are opting for hybrids due to affordability and practicality, especially in regions where charging infrastructure remains uneven. Despite their relatively small share, BEVs did see modest growth compared to earlier quarters, supported by expanding fast-charging networks and increased availability of compact, affordable models such as the Renault Megane E-Tech and MG4 Electric.

The government’s continued support for low-emission mobility, including zero-emissions zones in major cities and financial incentives, is helping to drive BEV and PHEV adoption. However, compared to other major European markets, Spain still lags in total BEV share, reflecting structural challenges in infrastructure rollout and consumer awareness.

As the market matures, Spain’s electrification strategy appears to hinge on balancing hybrid adoption with steady BEV growth. The evolution of public policy and charging availability will be key to determining whether BEV momentum can accelerate in the second half of 2025.

Italy: Hybrid Strength and BEV Hesitation Define Q1 2025

Italy’s automotive landscape in Q1 2025 was once again marked by a strong preference for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), which led the market with 44.5% of total sales. Petrol-powered vehicles followed with 26.6%, while diesel retained 9.7%. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) secured a modest 5.0% market share, and plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) accounted for 4.1%. The remaining 10.1% comprised other powertrain types, including mild hybrids and LPG models.

Despite the European push for full electrification, Italy continues to favor transitional technologies, with BEV adoption hindered by high upfront costs, limited incentives, and slower infrastructure rollout in certain regions. Recent policy changes have also created uncertainty; as of 2025, direct purchase incentives for BEVs have ended, impacting consumer enthusiasm.

Market leaders included local and international hybrid models, while BEVs like the Fiat 500e, Tesla Model 3, and Renault Megane E-Tech captured the attention of early adopters. However, the temporary production halt of the Fiat 500e earlier in the year highlighted challenges faced by domestic EV manufacturers in maintaining momentum amid fluctuating demand.

Compared to Q4 2024, BEV and PHEV shares have slightly decreased, reflecting the broader economic headwinds and a cautious consumer mindset. Still, there is optimism on the horizon. New battery technologies, improved affordability, and long-term infrastructure plans could help unlock growth in the second half of the year.

For now, Italy remains in a transitional phase—bridging traditional combustion and hybrid models with a slowly growing electric future.